Basic Knowledge and System Navigation Question

What SPRO stands for?

SPRO stands for SAP Project Reference Object
.
It is used to configure the setting as per your client requirement by using the standard setting present in the system. This where you can do all the SAP configuration work. It is also known as the Configuration Menu.

What is full form IMG and SPRO? How are they different from each other?

IMG :- Implementation Guide.
SPRO :- SAP Project Reference Object.

SPRO------>IMG.

Type in the T-Code SPRO under That got to Main Menu which is IMG.

SPRO is basically used to organize the consultant customizing during the SAP Project Phrase.

How to close a window?

If we want to stop a transaction in the middle, Right click on the end button (X) on the top right corner of the window. Then select "stop transaction".
As we dont have STOP icon as we have in WINDOWS, this will help in the same way.

Its a very small tip, but will help a lot.

Tips by : Bhaskar

Name two ways to start a transaction.
- Dynamic Menu
- Command Field

Why do you create user-specific parameters?
They supply defaults to R/3 fields. If a field is indicated, the system automatically fills in default value. Depending on the field definition, the entry can also be replaced with a value entered by the user. (Concept of PARAMETER ID)

Name the three different kinds of messages in the R/3 system. What is the difference between them?
A message can have five different types. These message types have the following effects during list processing:

A (=Abend):
The system displays a message of this message type in a dialog window. After the user confirms the message using ENTER, the system terminates the entire transaction (for example SE38).

E (=Error) or W (=Warning):
The system displays a message of this message type in the status line. After the user chooses ENTER, the system acts as follows:
While creating the basic list, the system terminates the report.
While creating a secondary list, the system terminates the corresponding processing block and keeps displaying the previous list level.

I (=Information):
The system displays a message of this message type in a dialog window. After the user chooses ENTER , the system resumes processing at the current program position.

S (=Success):
The system displays a message of this message type on the output screen in the status line of the currently created list.

What is a data dictionary or repository?
Central catalog that contains the descriptions of an organization's data and provides information about the relationships between the data and its use in programs and screens.
The data descriptions in a Data Dictionary is also called metadata, i.e., data that describes other data.

The ABAP/4 Dictionary stores system-wide data definitions. When you create a new data definition, the Dictionary tool does all the processing necessary to create the definition. You can use the Dictionary tool to look up the "definition" of objects in your R/3 System.

What is a matchcode?
Comparsion key. A matchcode allows you to locate the key of a particular database record (e.g. account number) by entering any field value contained in the record. The system then displays a list of records matching the specifications.

If you want an end user to see a specific menu after logging on the R/3 system, how could you do that?
User maintenance transactions allow the system administrator to create and maintain user master records. This includes the generation and assignment of authorizations and authorization profiles.

SAP Background Job Administration

Dialog work processes are intended for dialog processing. For this reason, the duration of a dialog step is limited. Background processing is intended for operations that require a longer time to run.

Background processing is also suitable for activities that are scheduled to run regularly.

A background job consists of one or more steps.
An ABAP program
An external command
An external program

Each job is processed without interruption by a single background work process.

Types of background jobs: Background jobs can be classified into six types. i.e.
Class A: with/without target server
Class B: with/without target server
Class C: with /without target server

Class A: These are the high priority jobs which can be scheduled according to
User request . Eg;- payroll run, daily,weekly, monthly reports etc.
In order to execute class A jobs we need a dedicate background
Work process of type A ( needs to be defined while configuring
Operation mode)

Class B: Standard jobs/housekeeping jobs like SAP_Collector_for_performance
SAP_REORG_SPOOL etc.

Class C: Low priority jobs

To define a new job, use transaction SM36, define new jobs as follows:
Specify job name, class, and optional target server.
Define a job step (a step can be an ABAP program, external command, or external program).
Add further steps (if necessary).
Start condition (time or event based).
Complete the definition.

A job step can be any one of the following.
ABAP program
External command
External program

The start conditions of a job can be time based or event based.
Time based:
Immediate
At date/time On a chosen workday (defined as a certain workday per month)

All time-based start conditions can be periodic. That is, a job can be performed at regular, defined time intervals. Days that are not workdays can be treated as exceptions.

Event based:
After event (optional parameters can be used to further specify events) These can be periodic. That is, the job can be triggered every time the event occurs.
After job (this can depend on the status of the previous job)
At change of operation mode (for example, between day and night)

Status of Jobs

The job status can be any of the following:

Scheduled: job is created but has no start condition
Released: job is completely defined and waiting for selection
Ready: job has been selected for execution
Active: job is being executed by a background work process
Finished: the entire job has been successfully executed
Canceled: job terminated with problems

As long as a job has status scheduled or released, it can still be changed.

If execution of a job has already started, its progress can be monitored in the job log. If the job contains ABAP programs, their output is stored in spool lists.

To create the steps of a new job from an existing job, choose Copy.

To monitor jobs, call transaction SM37.

From the job overview, you can navigate to various detailed job-related views:
The job log enables you to monitor the progress of a job.
The spool list contains the output of ABAP programs, if any.
Job details include the job definition, execution time, and background work process number.